Audio amplifier



L. WINKELMANN AUDIO AMPLIFIER Filed April 10. 1922 Nov. 29, 1927.

I mvwwfo; Lows MrzkeLma/nw 35% his amen mud Patented Nov. 29,- 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,651,308 PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS WIIINKELMANN, OF HOIBOKEIN, NEW JERSEY.

AUDIO AMPLIFIER.

Application filed April 10, 1922, Serial No. 551,287.

of two or more of such elements, as now employed, or having power equal to two or more of such elements; and with this and other objects in view the invention consists in a device or element of-the class and for the purpose specified which is simple in con- 'struction, eflicient in use and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters 1n each of the views, and in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a wireless receiving apparatus showing my improvement mounted in connection therewith and in section;

Fig. 2 a diagrammatic sectional view of my improvement as shown in Fig. 1 but showing a modification; and,

Fig. 3 a sectional detail view of a modified form of construction which I may emplo For the purpose of illustrating one met d of carrying my invention into effect, I have diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing, a. wireless receivin tion s own, a variable condenser 5, detector 6, rheostats 7 and 8 and condenser 9, transformer 10 and potentiometer 11. At 12 is shown a wire connected with the grid of the detector 6, at 13 and 14 are wires connected with the filament of the detector 6, at 15.. is a wire connected with the late of the detector 6, and at 16 is a tic er wire from the usual tickler which is connected with the condenser 9 and transformer 10, and four wires 17, 18, 19 and 20 are connected with the grid 21, filament 22 and plate 23 of the audio amplifier 24.

The above described construction is shown for the purpose of illustrating one method of carryin my invention into effect and forms no direct part of my invention and, in

outfit comprising, in the construcpractice, and as shown in Figs. 1 and of the drawing I enclose the vacuum tube 25 in a supplemental vacuum tube 26 which is larger than the tube 25 and forms a vacuum space 27 between said tubes, and

this space is filled with a radio-active substance or substances, such as radium, thorium, uranium, phosphorus, pitchblende or the like, or a combination of two or more'of such substances and including substances having combustible properties similar to phosphorus. The provision of the casing or jacket of radio active substance entirely around and encirclin the elements of the tube, subjects said e ements to the active properties of the said substance, to the entirety of said elements andalso results in increasing the efiiciency'of s'ai'd elements.

By employing the radio-active substance orsubstances and including substances having combustible properties similar to phosphorus with an amplifier of the class described in the manner shown in Figs. 1

and 2, the active properties of a device or. element of this class, as commonly em loyed, is greatly increased. In other words, y employing such substance or substances, in tubes of the class under consideration, a lesser number of these tubes may be employed in an apparatus, and by reason of .the nominal expense of the substances employed, or many of them whichmay be employed, a material savin in wireless apparatus of this class, is e ected as well asa simplification in the entire apparatus and the wiring thereof.

In Fig. 2 of the a slight modification in which two wires 28 and 29 are connected with theplate 23 within the tube 25 and extend outwardly through said tube int0,the vacuum space 2 between the tubes 25 and 26. With this construction the active properties of the amplifier may be materially increased but I am not necessarily limited to the use of the wires 28 and 29 and the same ma or may not be employed.

In Fi 3 ofthe drawing I have shown a modi cation, or a diflerent method of carrying my invention into eflect, and in said figure I have shown the tube 25, which as commonly employed,'is made of or usually composed of glass and, in the practice of my invention I have combined with the material of said bulb 25 a radio-active substance or substances. In other words, the bulb 25 'may be entirely or partially comdrawing, I have shown posed of a radio-active substance or substances.

It will also be apparent that while I have shown and described my invention as a plied to a wireless receiving apparatus, -t e same may be used in connection with wireless transmitting apparatus or in connection with devices or elements of any kind or class in the nature of amplifiers or the like regardless of the specific construction or use thereof, and various changes in and modifiphosphorescent radio active substance or substances or a mixture of radio active and.

substances having combustible properties similar to phosp orus .or elements in the outside tube to assist the thermionic emission stream with these penetrating emanations while it is flowing to the negative and .7 positive. electric terminals and attracted by the gas free, evacuated inner tube, thereby producing a spontaneous, active radiation suitable for a strong, clear amplification of radio Waves and signals.

The radio active substance will also repel the sun rays andprevent interference with the radio waves and-signals while passing through the inner tube. I is a well known factthat radio reception is etter at night than it is in the daytime on account of the sun ray radiation interference.

The purpose of inserting radio active and other substances such as phosphorus in detector, amplifying and oscillating vacuum tubes and especially in placing the same quantity and quality or proportions of such substances in vacuum tubes and exhausting them alike, they will have the same vacuum and the same ionized and oxidized gas condi-.

tion within all the tubes alike, producing substantially balanced tubes. These tubes will also operate with a much lower voltage on the plate circuit and the filament will also use less current, depending upon the material used.

By employing the substances heretofore The object in using a double tube is to enlarge the space and to maintain the substances in a separate chamber "encircling the vacuum chamber containing the electrodes and further to form a protective shield or jacketior the electrodes and especially in protecting the filament emission stream from outside interference, and to protect the inner tube and its electrodes from interferences in general. By employing the electrical connection between the plate and the substance in the outer tube, such substance is placed in direct electrical communication with the plate permitting the plate to operate efliciently and more sensitively on a lower voltage.

Having fully described my. invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A device'of the class described comprising a vacuum tube containing a filament,

late and. grid, a supplemental tube enclosing said first named tube and spaced therefrom to form a vacuum chamber between said tubes, a radio-active substance mounted in said vacuum chamber, and means for placing said radio-active substance in electrical circuit with said plate.

2. A device of the class described comprising a tube, having a vacuum chamber therein, a plurality of electrodes in said vacuum chamber. and substances surrounding said electrodes externally of said chamber, said substances including a radio-active element and phosphorus.

3. A device of the class described comprising a vacuum tube containing a filament, plate and grid a radio active substance ineluding a substance having combustible roperties similar to phos horus surroundcontaining filament, plate and grid, of a' vacuum tube enclosing said first named tube, and a substance "in said last named tube including a radio active element, and- ,an element having combustible properties similar to phosphorus.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as m invention I have signed my name this 8th ay of April, 1922. I I

' LOUIS WINKELMANN.

I mg said filament, plate an grid, and exter- 

